套路 1
生物标志物+线性关系/非线性关系+疾病结局
套路精髓:
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生物标志物:各种血液尿样检测指标、综合指数等。
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疾病结局:慢性病、精神疾病、健康指标(如肝肾功能指标、胰岛素抵抗、神经损伤、炎症指标、激素水平)。
适用场景:各类标志物、各类疾病。
案例文章

标题:Exposure to cadmium and lead is associated with diabetic kidney disease in diabetic patients
期刊:Environmental health : a global access science source(IF=5.3)
PMID:38166936

标题:Nonlinear relationship between oxidative balance score and hyperuricemia: analyses of NHANES 2007-2018
期刊:Nutrition journal(IF=4.4)
PMID:38704549

标题:Correlation of systemic immune inflammation and serum uric acid with gout: based on NHANES
期刊:Clinical rheumatology(IF=2.9)
PMID:39681768
总结:
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使用NHANES数据库,可以分析各种生物标志物与健康结局/健康指标之间的关联。
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使用Logistic回归或一般线性回归探究生物标志物与结局的关联。
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亚组分析能够研究暴露与结局的关联在不同的人群中是否保持稳定。
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使用RCS或平滑曲线方法拟合生物标志物与结局的剂量反应关系,探究潜在的非线性关系。
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在非线性关联下识别潜在拐点,寻找潜在的最优干预点或预警值,进一步识别阈值效应。为疾病预防或管理提供依据。
套路 2:暴露+中介因素+结局
套路精髓:暴露变量→中介因素→结局→帮助理解健康结局背后的生物学或社会机制。
适用场景:膳食模式、环境暴露等,慢性病、炎症相关等疾病。
案例文章

标题:Oxidative Stress Factors Mediate the Association Between Life's Essential 8 and Accelerated Phenotypic Aging: NHANES 2005-2018
期刊:The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences(IF=4.3)
PMID:37813096

标题:Serum HDL partially mediates the association between exposure to volatile organic compounds and kidney stones: A nationally representative cross-sectional study from NHANES
期刊:The Science of the total environment(IF=8.2)
PMID:37858818

标题:Biological aging mediates the associations between urinary metals and osteoarthritis among U.S. adults
期刊:BMC medicine(IF=7.0)
PMID:35710548

标题:Association between nutrient patterns and hyperuricemia: mediation analysis involving obesity indicators in the NHANES
期刊:BMC public health(IF=3.5)
PMID:36307786
总结:
首先分析暴露与结局的关联,通过中介分析探究暴露通过中介因素对结局产生影响的机制。揭示自变量对因变量的影响是否以及如何通过中介变量间接发生,获得暴露对结局的直接效应、间接效应和总效应。这种分析能够帮助理解健康结局背后的生物学或社会机制。
套路3:暴露+生存分析
套路精髓:通过结合国家死亡指数(NDI)数据库获取NHANES调查对象生存状态,克服传统横断面分析缺陷。
适用场景:膳食因素、血液/尿液检测指标对目标人群的全因死亡或特因死亡的影响。
案例文章

标题:L-shaped association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in individuals with osteoarthritis: results from the NHANES database prospective cohort study
期刊:BMC medicine(IF=7.0)
PMID:36127705

标题:Ratio of Red Blood Cell Distribution Width to Albumin Level and Risk of Mortality
期刊:JAMA Network Open(IF=10.5)
PMID:38805227

标题:Associations of Serum Carotenoids With Risk of Cardiovascular Mortality Among Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: Results From NHANES
期刊:Diabetes care(IF=14.8)
PMID:35503926

标题:Associations of Serum Carotenoids With Risk of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in Hypertensive Adults
期刊:Journal of the American Heart Association(IF=5.0)
PMID:36752230
总结:
通过Kaplan-Meier(KM)生存曲线和Cox比例风险回归模型,研究暴露因素对死亡风险的影响。KM生存曲线评估了生存概率随时间的变化,通过Log-rank检验比较根据暴露划分的两组或多组的生存曲线是否有显著差异。进一步Cox比例风险回归模型探究暴露因素对生存时间的影响和对死亡风险的影响程度和方向,RCS方法进一步识别非线性关联。使用亚组分析探究研究暴露与结局的关联在不同的人群中的稳定性。
套路 4:联合效应+结局
套路精髓:探究两种因素的共同作用对结局的影响。
适用场景:膳食模式、环境暴露等,慢性病、炎症相关等疾病。
案例文章

标题:Synergistic impact of 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and physical activity on delaying aging
期刊:Redox biology(IF=10.7)
PMID:38740004

标题:Combined 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and physical activity on mortality in US stroke survivors: findings from the NHANES
期刊:Nutrition journal(IF=4.4)
PMID:39806402

标题:Association Between Joint Physical Activity and Dietary Quality and Lower Risk of Depression Symptoms in US Adults: Cross-sectional NHANES Study
期刊:JMIR public health and surveillance(IF=2.9)
PMID:37163324
总结:
通过Logistic分析探究两种因素分别与结局的关联。进一步探究两种因素共同作用于健康结局时的综合影响。联合效应分析比单一因素分析更能反映真实世界的复杂健康关联。
套路5: 混合暴露+结局
套路精髓:单一暴露→混合暴露→综合效应。
适用场景:混合环境污染物暴露,还有部分研究者用于探究综合指数间各组成成分对结局的影响。
案例文章

标题:Association between manganese exposure in heavy metals mixtures and the prevalence of sarcopenia in US adults from NHANES 2011-2018
期刊:Journal of hazardous materials(IF=12.2)
PMID:37988867

标题:The Association between Dietary Nutrient Intake and Acceleration of Aging: Evidence from NHANES
期刊:Nutrients(IF=4.8)
PMID:38892569

标题:Associations of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate with metabolic syndrome and its components among US adults: A cross-sectional study from NHANES
期刊:The Science of the total environment(IF=8.2)
PMID:36972877

标题:The association between brominated flame retardants exposure with bone mineral density in US adults: A cross-sectional study of the national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES) 2005-2014
期刊:Environmental research(IF=7.7)
PMID:38423496

标题:Association between endocrine disrupting chemicals exposure and diabetic kidney disease in adults: A national cross-sectional NHANES study
期刊:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety(IF=6.2)
PMID:40101590
总结:
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单一暴露:Logistic回归或线性回归探究单一暴露与目标结局的效应,进一步使用RCS探索单一暴露与结局的非线性关联。
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混合暴露:使用加权分位数合回归(WQS)模型探究与结局的关联,估计所有暴露变量对结局的混合效应,并评估单个变量对结局的影响程度。进一步使用贝叶斯核机回归(BKMR)模型估计混合暴露对结局的综合效应,进一步探索单个暴露与结局的剂量反应关系和暴露间的交互效应。





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